Gum disease, or periodontal disease, is a common inflammatory condition that affects the gums and the structures supporting the teeth. If left untreated, it can lead to tooth loss and contribute to broader health concerns.
There are a range of effective treatments available, from improved oral hygiene through to surgical options. The right approach depends on the stage and severity of the condition.
What Is Gum Disease?
Gum disease is a chronic bacterial infection caused by plaque buildup along the teeth and gum line. It typically starts with mild symptoms such as swollen, red, or bleeding gums and can progress to gum recession, bone loss, and loose teeth.
It is one of the leading causes of tooth loss in adults and has been linked to other health conditions, including heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. Regular check-ups and prompt treatment of early signs are important for protecting both oral and overall health.
Types of Gum Disease
Gingivitis
Gingivitis is the earliest stage. Gums may become red, swollen, and bleed easily. There is usually little pain at this stage, which means it can go unnoticed. If you notice any of these symptoms, it is best to see your dentist early.
Periodontitis
If gingivitis is not treated, it can develop into periodontitis. At this stage, plaque spreads below the gum line and produces toxins that inflame the gum tissue and weaken the supporting bone. The gums may begin to separate from the teeth, increasing the risk of infection and tooth loss.
Treatment Options
The best treatment depends on how far the condition has progressed. Mild cases can often be managed non-surgically, while more advanced cases may require surgical intervention.
Non-Surgical Treatments
Improved Oral Hygiene
Early-stage gingivitis can often be managed with consistent daily care: brushing twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, flossing daily, and attending regular professional cleans. More frequent cleaning appointments may be recommended depending on your situation.
Scaling and Root Planing
This deep cleaning procedure reaches below the gum line to remove plaque and tartar from the root surfaces. It also smooths rough areas on the roots, which helps prevent bacteria from reattaching.
Laser Periodontal Therapy
A small laser is used to remove diseased tissue and target bacteria. This is a non-invasive alternative to traditional gum therapy, with no cuts or incisions required.
Surgical Treatments
Flap Surgery
Incisions are made along the gum line so the gums can be temporarily moved back, giving access to the tooth roots. Tartar is removed, and damaged bone may be reshaped. The gums are then repositioned and secured with stitches.
Bone and Gum Grafting
Grafting uses your own tissue, donated tissue, or synthetic material to rebuild weakened areas. A bone graft provides scaffolding for new bone growth. A gum graft places tissue where the gums have receded and is stitched into place.
Guided Tissue Regeneration
Where gum disease has created gaps between the tooth root and bone, a membrane is placed in the area to prevent gum tissue from growing where bone should be. This allows the body to regenerate bone around the tooth.
How Long Does Treatment Take?
For mild gingivitis, symptoms can improve within two weeks with proper care. More advanced cases such as periodontitis require ongoing treatment and management.
It is important to note that gum disease cannot be fully cured, but it can be effectively managed. Good oral hygiene, a balanced diet, avoiding tobacco, and regular dental check-ups all help prevent progression.
Is Gum Treatment Painful?
Some discomfort is possible with periodontal treatment, particularly surgical procedures, but it is generally less than patients expect. Fear of pain is one of the main reasons people delay treatment, which can allow gum disease to worsen.
If dental anxiety is a concern, read our blog on overcoming dental fear.
How Much Does Laser Gum Treatment Cost?
Laser gum treatment typically costs around $500 to $600 per quadrant, depending on your overall oral health and the severity of the condition. At The Point Dental, we offer payment options to help make treatment more accessible.
Your Next Step
If you are experiencing symptoms of gum disease, early treatment can make a significant difference. Contact The Point Dental for more information about gum disease treatment and our general dentistry services.